Do these mount directly to the factory roof rails, or do I need adapters?

These mount directly to your Highlander's factory roof rails. No adapters required — just bolt them down to the existing mounting points.

What hardware do I need to install these?

The crossbars themselves are included. Confirm your roof rail hardware and fastener specifications against your vehicle's service manual before installation.

Can I paint these if I want them to match a different color?

Aluminum can be painted, but test adhesion on a small section first. Light sanding and a quality automotive primer will give best results — exact prep method depends on your paint system choice.