Do I need to remove the bumper to install this reinforcement bar?

Removal is easiest, but not always required—depends on whether you want full access to the mounting points. Full removal gives you a cleaner installation and lets you verify all attachment bolts are tight.

Will this interfere with a trailer hitch?

Position it higher than the hitch receiver arm. You may need to adjust mounting height or test-fit with your specific hitch installed to ensure clearance.

What should I use to mount this—bolts, welds, or adhesive?

Bolted attachment at the factory mounting points is the correct method. Use fasteners rated for the load and torque specs in your vehicle's service manual.