Will this work with an aftermarket front bumper?

This bar is designed for factory bumper assembly. If you're running an aftermarket bumper, verify that its mounting points align with OEM specifications — compatibility varies by bumper design.

Do I need to remove the bumper to install this?

Yes. You'll need to drop the factory bumper to access the mounting points and bolt the bar into place. Standard hand tools and basic mechanical familiarity will get it done.

Should I paint this before installation?

That's your call. If it's a bare panel, painting before install is easier — you won't have to mask around the bumper. Paint it to match your bumper color or leave it as-is if it'll be hidden.